2022浙江中學(xué)教師資格考試英語語法:非謂語動詞
- 時間:
- 2022-03-18 11:51:01
- 作者:
- 吳老師
- 閱讀:
- 來源:
- 浙江省教師資格證
【導(dǎo)讀】為幫助大家積極備考,浙江中學(xué)教師資格考試給大家準(zhǔn)備了相關(guān)的知識點(diǎn),希望可以對大家有所幫助,今天給大家?guī)恚?022浙江教師資格考試英語語法:非謂語動詞。
1.不定式作定語
(1)不定式的一般式通常表示一個將來或經(jīng)常性的動作,完成式則表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。
She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.
(2)如果作定語的不定式與被修飾的名詞有動賓關(guān)系,在不及物動詞后通常要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。
Let’s first find a room to live in / put the things in.
We have nothing to worry about. (= There is nothing for us to worry about.)
2. -ing分詞作定語
(1)-ing分詞作定語一般要求其動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生或是在說話時該動作正在進(jìn)行,否則,要用從句作定語。
Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher?
Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday?
The man shaking ( = who is now shaking ) hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday.
(2)單個的-ing分詞作定語一般前置,說明名詞的性質(zhì)、特征或用途等,-ing短語作定語一般后置;強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的單個-ing分詞也常后置。例:
a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping)
a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping)
the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there )
The girl singing is my classmate.
3. -ed分詞作定語
-ed分詞作定語一般表示一個被動或已完成的動作,-ing分詞表示一個主動或正在進(jìn)行的動作,-ing分詞的被動式則表示一個正在被進(jìn)行的動作。例:
a developed/developing country
He is a student loved by all the teachers.
The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school.
【典型例題】
When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. read B.reads C. to read D. reading
【答案】D。解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意是:當(dāng)我回家的時候我看到門上別著一個信息,寫道“很遺憾沒有見到你,晚些時候會打電話給你”。reading與pinned to the door一樣做message的后置定語,相當(dāng)于which read,pinned和reading的邏輯主語都是message,它與pin是被動關(guān)系,用-ed形式,與read是主動關(guān)系,用-ing形式。故選D。
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